The following graphs are representative of both “Whole-of-person” and on the sub-genetic Base Letter level because it appears it may be a change in one base letter can produce changes in an entire individual….and their offspring.
These aim to provide a graphical representation of how a change in the expression of a protein of a gene (remember, a change in just a single base letter can produce a very different protein) can alter a person's tollerance to stress hormones, and therefore how they react excessively to what other people may consider as relatively normal levels of stress.
It also serves to illustrate how children born with the genetic memory of their parent's and grandparent's experiences can acquire any of the widening range of issues associated with impaired emotional management. This includes fragmented memory, ADHD, Conduct Disorder, Aspergers, Autism, Bipola, Schizophrenia, Mania, Dyslexia, anxiety and depression, suicide, alcoholism, drugs, crime, delinquency, etc, etc...
No familial or personal trauma history: normal stress tolerance threshold.
©Copyright 2008 Ken O’Brien In a person with no familial history of trauma there is a 'normal' level of socially acceptable tolerance to stress. Teh corticotrophic steroids and hormones that regulate the stress response do not produce adverse social effects. The body's systems can compensate for levels higher than normal operating levels. There is little 'drift' outside the socially-acceptable realm of normal behaviour.
Stress tolerance threshold altered by personal traumatic event/s.
©Copyright 2008 Ken O’Brien Take that same person without any trauma in their family's history and expose them to a significant trauma where they perceive their life to be in danger, and some organism-wide catastrophic changes occur to ensure that person has the optimum chance at survival. A person who has grown up in a placid environment and then dropped into a hostile environment, where their life is under constant threat, will adapt rapidly to enhance their survival odds.
However, with diminshed capacity to regulate their stress responses, their behaviour becomes 'excessive' and 'inappropriate' and they last for longer time periods.
Post-trauma stress tolerance threshold: familial history or personal experience.
©Copyright 2008 Ken O’Brien Children and grandchildren born into families where there is a long history of traumatic experiences, or even just one critically intense traumatic experience are at risk of being born with a reduced capacity to manage emotional responses to socially acceptable levels. They may have the genetic predisposition for developing anxiety and depression-related disorders and conditions. So it may be that, in the children and grandchildren of Vietnam Veterans with severe PTSD, they inherited a specific base letter which may have a predisposed “fragility” or lower threshold of tolerance for the influence of the fight/flight hormones.
This segment of the gene remains unchanged until an environmental event triggers the release of sufficient hormones to force a change in this base letter.
For example, research indicates a strong genetic influence on alcoholism, and claims that traumatic stress can affect the expression of the protein responsible for the trait of alcoholism. There is a high degree of alcoholism in the Vietnam veteran community, and perhaps in their offspring.
©Copyright 2008 Ken O’Brien